在本书前面的章节中,我们一直努力使本书既适合一般读者阅读,也对专业人员有用。对于一般读者,我们没有使用脚注,叙述中也未提及主要原始资料出处。在此,我们详细列出本书具体参考资料的出处。但是,由于我们的画布跨越了不同时代、文化、大陆和职业,遗漏和错误之处在所难免。因此,我们欢迎评论和纠正。接下来,我们将使用一些重要缩略语:AMNH:美国自然历史博物馆;BMFA:波士顿美术馆;FSGA:弗利尔和赛克勒博物馆档案馆;HAMA:哈佛艺术博物馆档案馆;HLHU:哈佛大学霍顿图书馆;HUA:哈佛大学档案馆;LOC:国会图书馆;MMA:大都会艺术博物馆;NAMA:纳尔逊-阿特金斯艺术博物馆(之前的威廉·罗克希尔·纳尔逊艺术博物馆);SAAA:史密森尼学会美国艺术档案馆。有关报纸的缩略语如下——IHT:《国际先驱论坛报》;NYT:《纽约时报》;WSJ:《华尔街日报》;WP:《华盛顿邮报》。
<h3>第一章 游戏规则</h3>
中国及其不断增长的收藏阶层:引自《苏富比签署协议》,2012年9月21日《纽约时报》。Press release quoted in“Sotheby’s Signs Deal”,NYT September,21,2012.
那场运动早有先兆:参见《拍卖行在伤口上撒盐》,2000年5月6日《纽约时报》;《中国回购其历史》,2000年5月11日《考古杂志》在线;《佳士得藐视中国,继续拍卖珍宝》,2000年5月1日路透社。Details in Souren Melikian,“Austion Houses Add Insult to Injury,”NYT,May,2000.See also Spencer Harrington,“China Buys Back Its Past,”Archaeology online,May 11,2000;as well as numerous news reports,such as Dominc Lau,“Christie’s Defies China,Auctions Treasures,”Reuters,May 1,2000.
据美国盖蒂基金会会长詹姆斯·库诺(James Cuno)估计:源于库诺《谁拥有文物?博物馆以及我们为古代遗产而战》。In Cuno,Who Owns Antiquity?Museums and the Battle Over Our Ancient Heritage(Princeton University Press,2008),93 et seq.
看到目前发生的一切,真让人震惊:引自《中国盗墓者糟蹋数千年历史》,2012年1月2日英国《卫报》。Tania Branigan,“China’s Tomb Raiders Laying Waste to Thousands of Years of History,”The Guardian(London),January 2,2012.
2003年5月,《华盛顿邮报》派遣约翰·波姆弗雷特(John Pomfret)前往香港报道那次流拍活动:《中国发现被盗佛像》,2003年5月28日《华盛顿邮报》。John Pomfret,“China Uncovers Looted Buddha,”WP,May 28,2003.
20世纪,许多中国最好的艺术作品:参见迈克尔·沙利文《现代中国艺术:柯恩与沙利文收藏》。Michael Sullivan,Modern Chinese Art:The Khoan and Sullivan Collection(Oxford:Ashmolean Museum,2001,rev,ed.2010),5.
任何有思想的收藏家:参见《我们博物馆中的中国和日本》。Benjamin Marh,China and Japan in Our Museums(Chicago:University of Chicago Press,1929),4.
詹姆斯·库诺对那些辩论进行了加工:库诺编辑的《谁的文化》一书。In Cuno,ed.,Whose Culture?(Princeton,NJ:Princeton University Press,2009).
实际上,老额尔金的声名狼藉:对于额尔金的怀疑,参见《鸦片战争:毒品、梦想与塑造现代中国》、《蛮夷与满清官吏:西方探访中国1300年》。see Julia Lovell,The Opium War:Drugs,Dreams and the Making of Modern China(London:Macmillan/Picador,2011),259~262.See also Nigel Cameron,Barbarians and Mandarins:Thirteen Centuries of Western Travelers in China(New York:Walker/Weatherhilll,1970),345~360.
无论英国还是法国:参见何伟亚《英国课程:19世纪中国的帝国主义教育》。In James Hevia,English Lessons:The Pedagogy of Imperialism in 19th Century China(Durham,NC:Duke University Press,2003),49~63.
抢劫开始后的第一个下午:引自《艺术掠夺者》。Wilhelm Treue,Art Plunder(London:Methuen&Co.,1960),204~205.
从那时到今天,法国也有一些人超越了民族主义的揶揄:引自提耶兹《蛮夷的镜头:西方摄影师所拍乾隆皇帝的西洋宫》。Regine Thitiez,Barbarian Lens:Western Photographers of Qianlong Emperor’s European Palaces,(Amsterdam:Gordon&Breach,1998),59.
那次会议对中国具有象征意义:参见《1900年纽约有关海外传教使团大一统传教联合会议》(Ecumenical Conference on Foreign Missions,New York,1900),in Burke Library,Union Theological Seminary,Columbia University,Mission Research Archives,Section 12.
实际上,如乔治·凯南在1951年出版的《美国外交》一书中所观察到的:凯南《1900年至1950年美国外交》。Kennan,American Diplomacy 1900-1950,(Chicago:University of Chicago,1951),36~37。
他们压迫我们的人民,亵渎我们的神灵:引自史景迁《追寻现代中国》。一些经过修撰的传记,对慈禧太后有相关详细论述;包括斯特林·西格雷夫《龙夫人:慈禧故事》;以及张戎《慈禧太后正传》。Jonathan Spence,The Search for Modern China(New York:Norton,1990),233~234.Sterling Seagrave,Dragon Lady:The Life and Legend of the Last Empress of China(New York:Knopf,1992),and Jung Chang,Empress Dowager Cixi:The ConcubineWho Launched Modern China(New York:Knopf,2013).
欧洲外交官们没有多少值得自豪的作为:参见兰格《帝国主义外交》。William L Langer,The Diplomacy of Imperialism(New York:Knopf,1951),704.
其他事情也有了改变:战争法则:参见《林肯守则:美国战争法史》、《弗朗西斯·利伯:19世纪的自由主义者》。John Fabian Witt,Lincoln’s Code:The Laws of War in American History(New York:Free Press,2002);Frank Freidel,Francis Lieber:19th Century Liberal(Baton Rouge,LA:Lousiana State University Press,1947),a biography of the German-American legal scholar who drafted Federal Law 100 as signed by Lincolin.
毫无疑问,那种公然破坏艺术的行为应受到谴责:参见《围攻北京》。Peter Fleming,The Siege at Peking(New York:Harper,1959),242。
《纽约时报》发自北京的报道也是如此:见《北京带给艺术博物馆的礼物》,1901年9月3日《纽约时报》“Gift from Beijing for Museums of Art,”NYT,September,3,1901。
还有更多的迹象表明,人们的道德观念正发生改变:2009年的“伊夫·圣洛朗(Yves St.Laurent)珍藏”等一系列拍卖活动被广泛报道;特别有意思的包括:《中国买家拍下被盗文物后拒绝付款》,2009年3月2日《人民日报》;《中国买家不能、不会为伊夫·圣洛朗兽首付款》,2009年3月2日《泰晤士报》。“Chinese Bidder of Looted Sculptures Refuses to Pay,”People’s Daily,March 2,2009;and Jane Macartney,“Chinese Bidder Can’t Pay,Won’t Pay,for YSL Statues,”The Times(London),March 2,2009.
新闻:参见《中国艺术抢劫震惊挪威》等报道。“Chinese Art Heists Shock Norway,”Secret History of Art online,January 8,2013;Katy Pickett and Helen Burchell,“FitzWilliam Museum Chinese Art Thefts,”BBC News,September 27,2012;“Break in Stockholm Royal Palace,”The Local,August6,2010;“UK Police:2 Arrested Over Chinese Art Theft,”Huffpost Arts&Culture,February 10,2013;plus a swarm of related online news reports.
<h3>第二章 太平洋序曲</h3>
美国的贸易处于受限制状态:参见《1785年至1835年中国出口美国市场的瓷器》。Jean McClure Mudge,Chinese Export Porcelain for the American Market,1785-1835,(Newark:University of Delaware Press,2 nd edition,1981),35.The Pennsylvania Packet noted:ibid.,25.
并享有与英国商人同等的最惠国待遇:参见《顾盛与望厦条约》,1933年5月《近代史杂志》。Kuo Ping Chia,“Caleb Cushing and the Treaty of Wanghia,1844,”Journal of Modern History,Vol.5:1(March 1933),34.
蓝色少将大衣,鎏金扣,附加少许刺绣:参见《中国鸦片战争》等。Jack Beeching,The Chinese Opium Wars(New York:Harcourt Brace Jovanovich,1975),174.See also Teemu Ruskola,“Canton Is Not Boston:The Invention of American Imperial Sovereignty,”American Quarterly,Vol.57:3(September 2005),870.
允许基督教范围以外的政府对美国公民的生命、财产有任何控制,都属于不明智行为:参见《顾盛的一生》。Claude M.Fuess,The Life of Caleb Cushing(New York:Harcourt Brace,1923),Vol.1:438~439.
一定数量的鸦片走私活动仍在继续进行:参见《马萨诸塞海事史:1783~1860》。Samuel Eliot Morison,A Maritime History of Massachusetts,1783-1860(Boston:Northeastern University Press,1979),279.
波士顿与旧中国进行贸易的痕迹已荡然无存:同上。
世界最古老、人口最多的中国的景象、农业、艺术、贸易、习俗和习惯:Boston Atlas,January 1,1847,Quoted in Ronald J.Zboray and Mary Saracino Zboray,“Between‘Crockery-Dom’and Barnum:Boston’s Chinese Museum,1845-1847,”American Quarterly,Vol.56:2(June 2004),272.
似乎还编写了博物馆的展览图录:同上,274.
阁下肯定知道:参见顾盛文件,引自《中国的传奇》。Cushing Papers,Folder 15~24 July 1844,Box 45,quoted in Haddad,The Romance of China:Excursions to China in U.S.Culture:1776-1876(Gutenberg-e.org,accessedDecember 14,2013),fn 63.
美国艺术及其生产的模型、标本:参见顾盛文件,引自《中国的传奇》。Caleb Cushing Papers,Folder 27~31 May 1843,Box 39,Manuscript division,LOC,quoted in Haddad,The Romance of China.
关于狄金森:Hiroko Uno,“Emily Dickinson’s Encounter with the East:Chinese Musesum in Boston”,Emily Dickinson Journal,Vol.17:1(2008),52~53;Zboray and Zboray,“Between‘Crockery-Dom’and Barnum:Boston’s Chinese Museum,1845-47,”276;Emily Dickinson to Abiah Root,September 8,1846,in The Letters of Emily Dickinson(Cambridge,MA:Belknap Press of Harvard University Press,1986),36.
万物源于无,将再次归于无:引自《狄金森邂逅东方》。Peters catalogue,47~48,quoted in Uno,“Emily Dickinson’s Encounter with the East:Chinese Museum in Boston”,58~59.
他的思绪如东方织物:见《艾米莉·狄金森诗全集》诗1446。verse 1446 in Thomas H.Johnson,ed.,Complete Poems of Emily Dickinson(Boston:Little Brown,2001),614~615.
<h3>第三章 血色蹊径</h3>
一个充满魔力的时代:参见《马萨诸塞海事史》。Samuel Eliot Morison,Maritime History of Massachusetts(Boston:Houghton Miffiin,Riverside Press,Sentry Edition,1961),jacket copy.
波士顿人问:参见马克·吐温《保罗·布尔热如何看我们》。Mark Twain,“What Paul Bourget Thinks of Us”(1895),accessible online as E book 3117,Essays on Paul Bourget(2006),produced by David Widger,1.
现在可是过季节啦:引自《巨浪》。Henry Adams to Hohn Hay,June 11,1886,quoted in Christopher Benfey,The Great Wave(New York:Random House,2003),109.
把我们召集起来,目的不是为美国提供大量捐款:参见《查尔斯·诺顿的自由讲座》。Turner Japes,The Liberal Education of Charles Eliot Norton(Baltimore:Johns Hopkins University Press,1999),9.
神为父,人为兄、波士顿为邻:参见《文雅的美国人,1864~1960》。Helen Howe,The Gentle Americans,1864-1960:Biography of a Breed(New York:Harper,1965),17.
许多波士顿人和哈佛大学人前往日本和中国:参见《新英格兰的小阳春》。Van Wyck Brooks,New England Indian Summer(New York:Dutton,1940),358.
东西方将合二为一:参见《费诺罗萨和他的圈子》。Van Wyck Brooks,Fenollosa and His Circle(New York:Dutton,1962),49~50.
我自西飞来:同上。
中国屋:参见《东方旅程:伊莎贝拉·加德纳与同亚洲》。Alan Chong,Journeys East:Isabella Stewart Gardner and Asia(Boston:Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum,2009),31 et.seq.;also information provided by Anne-Marie Eze.
访问了日本、中国和东南亚国家:关于伊莎贝拉的中国之旅,参见《东方旅程》。Greg M.Thomas,“Dust and Filth and Every Kind of Picturesque and Interesting Thing,”and“Isabella Gardner’s Aesthetic Response to China,”in Chong,Journeys East,432,et.seq.
多想、少说、不动笔:参见《拥有骄傲:美国艺术收藏冒险家的生活、时代和品位》。Aline B Saarinen,The Proud Possessors:The Lives,Times and Tastes of Some Adventurous American Art Collectors(New York:Random House,1958),32.
伊莎贝拉喜欢抛头露面:参见《捐助者自画像》。John Walker,SelfPortrait with Donors(Boston:Little Brown,1974),73.
关于但丁学会:参见《新英格兰的小阳春》。Van Wyck Brooks,New England Indian Summer,24 ff.
天啊,不,那太夸张了:参见《拥有骄傲》。Sarrinen,The Proud Possessors,36.
埃利奥特、帕金斯和比奇洛三个家族各就各位:参见《两极之地:1880~1901》。Neil Harris,The Land of Contrasts 1880-1901(New York:G.Braziller,1970),549~550.
壮丽的中世纪景色:参见《威廉·比奇洛生平》,1997年9月《哈佛杂志》。Curtis Prout,“Vita:William Sturgis Bigelow,”Harvard Magazine,September 1997,accessible as http://harvardmagazine.com/1997/09/vita.html.
冲浪吧,老兄!晒晒太阳吧,老兄!:“Yesterday’s Island,”Nantucket,Vol.37:10(June~July 2007),2.
忧郁驱除器、死尸复活剂和综合快乐器:参见《拥有骄傲》。Sarrinen,The Proud Possessors,32.
虚荣自负、爱管闲事和任性冲动:参见《伊莎贝拉的记忆宫殿》。Patricia Vigderman,The Memory Palace of Isabella Stewart Gardner(Louisville,KY:Sarabande Books,2007),72.
灰色日本长和服:见约翰·洛奇致弗雷德里克·沙特克的信。John E.Lodge to Fredrick Cheever Shattuck,quoted in Proceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society,Third Series,Vol.75(1963),108~109.
我的收藏,是我生命的日记,也是我从未抛弃过的唯一珍藏:见《肯尼思·克拉克:寻找文明》,2013年11月22日《金融时报》。JohnPaul Stonard,“Kenneth Clark:Looking for Civilization,”Financial Times,November 22,2013.
罗斯是一个伟大收藏家:author interview with James Watt,May 2014.
我的动机是喜欢有条有理,喜欢美感:Deman Ross,“Notes for Autobiography,”undated,Box 37,Denman Ross Papers,HAMA.
《历代帝王图》:参见吴同《龙之国度的故事:千年中国画》。Tung Wu,Tales from the Land of the Dragon:1000 Years of Chinese Painting(Boston:Museum of Fine Arts,2003),127 et,seq.宁强认为此画是宋代摹本,见《帝王画像是正统的象征》,我们同意这个观点。Ning Qiang,“Imperial Portraiture as a Symbol of Political Legitimacy:A New Study of the‘Portraits of Successive Emperors’,”Arts Orientalis,Vol.35(2008).
特别选择那13位皇帝背后的动机:参见《帝王画像是正统的象征》。Qiang,“Imperial Portraiture as a Symbol of Political Legitimacy,”99.
毁灭佛法:参见1932年2月《波士顿美术馆简报》。Kojiro Tomita,“Portraits of Emperors:A Chinese Scroll Painting Attributed to Yen Lipen(died a,d.673),”Bulletin of the Museum of Fine Arts,Boston,Vol.30:177(February 1932),2.
作为肖像画,这幅卷轴画的质量非同凡响:同上,8页。
罗斯说:“我怎么能够得到它”:参见富田幸次郎《亚洲艺术部史》。Kojiro Tomita,A History of the Asiatic Department(Boston:Museum of Fine Arts,1990),14~15.
我是家里留下的独苗:Denman Ross,“Notes for an Autobiography”.
不想参军后把妻子和独苗儿子留在河对岸就是敌人的辛辛那提:引自《邓曼·罗斯与美国设计理论》。Denman Ross,quoted in Marie Frank,Denman Ross and American Design Theory(Hanover,NH:University Press of New England,2011),20.
Information on the Ross family fortune provided in a telephone interview with Pat Pratt,November 1913.
我有大量有关古代法律的藏书:引自《邓曼·罗斯与美国设计理论》。Denman Ross,“Notes for an Autobiography,”quoted in Frank,Denman Ross and American Design Theory,44.
他身材魁梧、红光满面:参见《波士顿美术馆百年史》。Walter Muir Whitehall,Museum of Fine Arts Boston:A Centennial History,Vol.1(Cambridge,MA:Belknap Press,1970),136.
诺顿进入教室:参见《谢迪希尔的定居者》,1982年3月《美国艺术与科学学院期刊》。John Voss et al.,“Residents of Shady Hill,”Bulletin of the American Academy of Arts and Science,Vol.35:6(March 1983),11.
他对弟子的影响极大:参见1937年3月《美国艺术与科学学院期刊》。Charles Hopkinson,“Denman Waldo Ross(1853-1935),”Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences,Vol.71:10(March 1937),544~545.
学习语言,但不当语言学家:参见《东亚艺术与美国文化》。Warren Cohen,East Asian Art and American Culture(New York:Columbia University Press,1992),112.
与古典艺术杰作相比,过于肤浅:Denman Ross,American National Biography Online,http://80-www.anb.org.library.nysoclib.org/artivles/17/17-00756.html?a=1&n=DenmanRoss&d=10&ss=0&q=1.
对自认为属于颓废艺术的,像希特勒一样坚决阻止其传播:参见《捐赠者自画像》。in Walker,Self-Portrait with Donors,24.
那时,我们是风华正茂的青年:见罗斯致约瑟夫·史密斯的信。Denman Ross to Joseph Lindon Smith,Venice,June 12,1935,Joseph Lindon Smith Papers,Box 3,SAAA.
考古或历史意义:见1931年11月《福格艺术博物馆简报》。Hervey E.Wetzel,“Denman Ross”,Bulletin of the Fogg Art Museum,Vol.1(November 1931),2.
据我判断,波士顿美术馆作为组织机构,应受到谴责:见罗斯致劳伦斯·洛厄尔的信。Denman Ross to A.Lawrence Lowell,October 2,1934,in Joseph Lindon Smith Papers,Box SAAA.
有亲爱的老邓曼·罗斯把门:Oral History Interview with Henry Sayles Francis,March 28,1974,SAAA.
“他对自己的发现沾沾自喜:Langdon Warner,“Denman Waldo Ross,Collector”,Harvard Alumni Bulletin,January 10,1936,444.
关于“成熟”:见普艾伦致保罗·萨克斯的信。Alan Priest to Paul J.Sachs,March 15,1925,Paul J.Sachs Papers(HC 3),file 540,HAMA.
他还是建议在所有藏品标签上注明:引自罗斯1912年8月15日笔记。Ross note dated August15,1912,Denman Ross Archives,MFA Director’s Correspondence 1901-1954,Roll 2480.
所处展厅很难被人找到:引自哈佛大学文理学院记录,1970年5月5日。Memorial Minute of the Faculty of Arts and Science,Harvard University,May 5,1970,Edward Waldo Forbes General Folder,HUG BF 656.50,HUA.
失魂落魄地去马萨诸塞州米尔顿参加一场正式婚礼:引自《文雅的美国人》。Howe,The Gentle Americans,1864-1960,76.
从童年时代起,我一直希望成为一名艺术家:引自《哈佛大学公告》。Harvard University Bulletin,in Forbes General Folder,HUG B 5656.50,HUA.
保罗·萨克斯似乎是很随意地挑出一枚古代钱币:引自1982年3月《美国艺术与科学学院期刊》。Agnes Mongan,in John Voss et al.,“Residents of Shady Hill,”Bulletin of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences,Vol.35:6(March 1982),24.
“Museum Course”statistics from Janet Tassel,“Reverence for the Object,”Harvard Magazine,September–October 2002,50.
不仅要把福格艺术博物馆打造成一个艺术宝库:同上。
他们俩是一对真正的喜剧演员:引自1995年2月13日罗伯特·布朗与福布斯会谈。Robert Brown interview with Rosamund Forbes Pickhardt,February 13,1995,SAAA.
如果没有福布斯和萨克斯两位先生的超级谎话连篇:引自1974年3月28日罗伯特·布朗与亨利·弗朗西斯会谈。Robert Brown interview with Henry Sayles Francis,March 28,1974,SAAA.
问问任何一个那些年在哈佛大学学习的人:引自1993年秋季《哈佛大学艺术期刊》。in Marjorie B.Cohn,“Turner,Ruskin,Norton,Winthrop,”Harvard University Art Bulletin,Vol.2:1(Autumn 1993),57.
温思罗普独自吃晚餐,主要是水果和蔬菜:引自2003年3月至4月《哈佛大学杂志》。Martin Birnbaum,quoted by Christopher Reed in“Unveiled:For the First Time,a Recluse’s Treasures Go Traveling,”Harvard Magazine,March–April 2003.
<h3>第四章 胶水桶</h3>
英国人、法国人、德国人、俄国人,已大规模拓展了人类的历史知识:引自华尔纳写给友人的信。Langdon Warner to unknown,undated;FoggMuseum proposal for expedition to China,undated,Paul J.Sachs Papers(HC 3),file 539,HAMA.
即便在一处没有任何收获的遗址开展工作,也不会浪费多少时间:同上。
Biographical information on Warner in Benjamin Rowland,“Langdon Warner Obituary,”Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies,Vol.18:3-4(December 1955),447~450;and James Marshall Plumer,“Langdon Warner(1881-1955),ArsOrientalis,Vol.2(1957),633~637”.
纪念大厅的天才主持:引自1976年“美国哲学协会”纪念贺拉斯·霍华德·弗内斯·杰恩的打印文件。Edward Scott Typescript,Horace Howard Furness Jayne memorial,American Philosophical Society(1976).Paul J.Sachs Papers(HC 3),File 1024,HAMA.
那条早期商贸道路(丝绸之路)特定遗址的记录:引自萨克斯为福格艺术博物馆所提建议Fogg Museum proposal,Paul J.Sachs Papers.
华尔纳先生带不回多少东西:unsigned solicitation letter,Fogg Museum proposal,Paul J.Sachs Papers.
河南省及其西部有土匪:引自华尔纳《在中国漫长的古道上》。Langdon Warner,Long Old Road in China(Garden City,NY:Doubleday,1926),1.
不与北京顶嘴:见华尔纳写给汉密尔顿·贝尔的信,引自《透过通信看华尔纳》。Langdon Warner to Hamilton Bell,quoted in Theodore Bowie,Langdon Warner through His Letters(Bloomington:Indiana University Press,1966),107.
用不了多少年:引自华尔纳《在中国漫长的古道上》。Long Old Road,29.
穿行其间,真是一种锻炼自我控制力的经历:同上,30页。
已从大雄宝殿原有位置上敲掉:同上。Long Old Road,preface,57(not included in American edition;Bristol:J.Arrowsmith Ltd.,1927).
那里发生了6起谋杀:见华尔纳写给杰恩先生的信。“Letters from Mr.Warner and Mr.Jayne,”Bulletin of the Pennsylvania Museum,Vol.19:81(December 1923),56.
3颗脑袋从3具不幸的躯干上滚落:引自华尔纳《在中国漫长的古道上》。Warner,Long Old Road,25.
接管了马车、车夫和骡子:引自鲍威所著《透过通信看华尔纳》。Bowie,Langdon Warner through His Letters,109.
请你们记住,我以前是一头红发:引自华尔纳写给岳母的信。Langdon Warner to his mother-in-law,109.
保存得相当完好:引自珍妮特·米尔斯基所著《考古探险家斯坦因》。Jeannette Mirsky,Sir Aurel Stein,Archaeological Explorer(Chicago:University of Chicago Press,1977),370.
没有城市警卫出来检查我的证明信:引自华尔纳《在中国漫长的古道上》。Warner,Long Old Road,88~89.
理清了每面城墙:同上,92页。
设法在那里扎营,挖掘了数月:引自欧文·拉铁摩尔写给华尔纳的信。Owen Lattimore to Langdon Warner,January 1933,Langdon Warner Papers HUG 4872.1010,Personal Correspondence,HUA.
关于藏经洞文物的出售:Jiqing Wang gives the figure as“103 miskals(equivalent to 10.3 liang/taels)of silver as compensation for the MSS.”See also“Aurel Stein’s Dealings with Wang Yuanlu and Chinese Officials in Dunhuang in 1907”,in Helen Wang,ed.,Sir Aurel Stein Colleagues and Colletions(British Museum online publication)
附带条件严格保密:引自国际敦煌项目简报。Jiqing Wang,“Stein and Chinese Officials at Dunhuang,”IDP News:Issue No.30,(IDP is acronym for International Dunhuang Project).
特别渴望西方严肃博物馆征集它们:引自1921年12月7日福布斯写给保罗·佩利奥的信。Edward Forbes to Paul Pelliot,December 7,1921,quoted in Sanchita Balachandran,“Object Lessons:The Politics of Preservation and Museum Building in the Early Twentieth Century,”International Journal of Cultural Property(2007),5.
我们必须有一些供美国研究使用的壁画:引自1916年2月18日华尔纳写给弗利尔的信。Langdon Warner to Charles Lang Freer,February 18,1916,Box 26,Folder 5,FSGA.
完全是纸上谈兵:引自华尔纳通信。Warner to unknown,n.d.,Langdon Warner Folder,Chinese Expedition 1922-1923,HAMA,quoted in Balachandran,“Object Lessons,”14.
比我所见过的任何绘画更加令人印象深刻:引自华尔纳写给杰恩的信。Warner to Jayne,Tun Huang town[1924]bMS Am 2684,HLHU.
我不是化学家,也不是训练有素的绘画修复师:引自华尔纳《在中国漫长的古道上》。Warner,Long Old Road,142.
是首批未遭锯痕严重破坏揭取的壁画:引自华尔纳的《福格艺术博物馆1924年中国西部探险队初步报告》。Langdon Warner,“Preliminary Report of the Fogg Museum Expedition to Western China,1924,”Edward Waldo Forbes Papers(HC 2),File 2007,HAMA.
放弃顾左右而言其他,单刀直入提出揭取壁画:引自华尔纳1924年1月写给杰恩的信。Warner to Horace Jayne,January 1924,MS Am 2684,HLHU.
胶水总是在墙上冻结,而不是渗入壁画里面:同上。
那只是一笔巨额小费:引自华尔纳1924年2月10日写给福布斯的信。Warner to Edward Forbes,February 10,1924,MS Am 2126(4),Folder 8,HLHU.
5天时间,从早干到晚:引自华尔纳《在中国漫长的古道上》。Warner,Long Old Road,143.
虽然我在返程时缺少内衣和袜子:同上,145页。
壁画上的人物:引自华尔纳写给洛伦·华尔纳的信。Langdon Warner to Lorraine Warner,quoted in Bowie,Langdon Warner through His Letters,115.
想到那些故意破坏行为的德行:引自《透过通信看华尔纳》。Bowie,Langdon Warner through His Letters,118.
华尔纳没有使用又薄又弱的胶水:引自1974年布朗与丹尼尔·汤普森访谈录。Robert Brown interview with Daniel Thompson,September 25,1974,SAAA,http://www.aaa.si.edu/collections/interviews/oral-history-interview-daniel-varney-thompson-13166.
胶布变得异常松弛,没有粘下来任何色彩:引自丹尼尔·汤普森《重要碎片修复报告》。Daniel Thompson,“Alpha Fragment”treatment report,quoted in Sanchita Balachandran,“Object Lessons,”15.
图像特征已被彻底破坏:引自1931年3月1日《多层中国壁画的转让》一文。George Stout and Lawrence Binyon,“Transference of Mutilated Chinese Wall Painting,”March 1,1930,Objects,Folder:AC 1924.40~47,Straus Center for Conservation,Paintings Files,HUAM;cited,Balachandran,“Object Lessons”,15.
领导新的探险队,除非他对中文有说得过去的了解:引自保罗·萨克斯档案。Edgar Scott typescript of Jayne’s obituary written for the American Philosophical Society,1976,Paul Sachs Files,Horace Jayne 1024,HAMA.
被最大限度地警告:引自华尔纳写给爱德华·福布斯的信。Warner to Edward Waldo Forbes,April 3,1925,bMS Am 2126(1),HLHU.
最重要的是,我们应安全转移每批东西:引自丹尼尔·汤普森写给普艾伦的信。letter from Daniel Thompson to Alan Priest enclosed in a letter from Paul Sachs to Edward Waldo Forbes,1924 Forbes Papers(HC 2),File 370,HAMA.
紧紧抓住马缰绳,不让我们离开:引自雅各布斯《对抗夺宝奇兵——中国民族主义、历史帝国主义以及谴责斯坦因1899 年至1944 年对敦煌的抢劫》。Justin Jacobs,“ Confronting Indiana Jones: Chinese Nationalism,Historical Imperialism, and the Criminalization of Aurel Stein and the Raidersof Dunhuang, 1899-1944,”65, http://www.academia.edu/772652/Confronting_Indiana_Jones_Chinese_Nationalism_Historical_Imperialism_and_the_Criminalization_of_Aurel_Stein_and_the_Raiders_of_Dunhuang_1899-1944.
一名荷枪实弹的护卫:引自华尔纳1925年5月28日写给福布斯的信。Warner to Edward Forbes,May 28,1925,Edward Waldo Forbes Papers(HC 2),File 362,HAMA.
如果我此时在敦煌:引自华尔纳1925年6月13日写给格林的信。Warner to Roger Greene,June 13,[1925],bMS Am 1864,Box 28,Folder 1049,HLHU.
我的结论是:引自杰恩写给福布斯的信。Horace Jayne unsigned to Edward Forbes,April 9,1925,Langdon Warner Papers,Box 10,HUG 4872.1010,HUA.
则属于另一码事儿:同上。
决不允许他们触碰任何历史文物:引自苏珊《当代孔子》。Susan Chan Egan,A Latterday Confucian:Reminiscences of William Hung(1893-1980),114~115.
天津报纸《大公报》以头版头条新闻宣称:引自雅各布斯《对抗夺宝奇兵》。Jacobs,“Confronting Indiana Jones”.
合法拥有者、最能胜任研究(中国文物)的中国学者:参见1931年国家古物保护委员会声明。National Commission for the Preservation of Antiquities(1931),copy in Carl Tilden Keller collection concerning Sir Aurel Stein,bMS Am 2532,HLHU.
你我都知道:引自萨克斯写给福布斯的信。Paul Sachs to Edward Forbes,February 8,1927,bMS Am 2126,HLHU.
揭开屋梁,让蜡烛忽明忽暗闪烁:引自《文雅的美国人》。Howe,The Gentle Americans,1864-1960,255.
昨天,我受到了裕仁天皇陛下的接见:引自鲍威《透过通信看华尔纳》。Bowie,Langdon Warner through His Letters,175~176.
<h3>第五章 龙门石窟之殇</h3>
你可以看到古代中国雕塑在全盛时期的样子:引自鲍威《透过通信看华尔纳》。Bowie,Langdon Warner through His Letters,33.
无意中提供了带照片的目录:引自斯坦利《平凡图像》。Stanley Abe,Ordinary Images(Chicago:University of Chicago Press,2002),191.
那种事情,将会极度伤害我的良心:引自华尔纳写给弗利尔的信。Langdon Warner to Freer,July 13,1913,Charles Lang Freer Papoers,FSGA,quoted in Cohen,East Asian Art and American Culture,89.
是美国的资本主义和帝国主义逻辑:引自《卢芹斋:中国艺术品的保卫者还是恶棍?》,2014年4月25日《金融时报》。David Pilling,“C.T.Loo:Champion of Chinese Art…Or Villain?”Financial Times,April 25,2014.
他的一些中国文物深藏地下室:引自《卢芹斋》。Eduard von der Heydt,“Cheng-Tsai Loo,”Artibus Asia,Vol.20:2/3(1957),186.
我记得那是1909年的春天:引自卢芹斋为《中国石造像展览》撰写的前言。C.T.Loo,An Exhibition of Chinese Stone Sculptures(C.T.Loo&Co.,1940),preface.
此后几个月:同上。
军队每晚都出动:引自华尔纳写给弗利尔的信。Warner to Charles Lang Freer,May 22,1914,Charles Lang Freer Papers,FSGA.
陌生人不能在现场停留:引自华尔纳向弗利尔提交的报告。report of Warner to Freer,n.d.,Charles Lang Freer Papers,FSA.
总的来说,龙门石窟令人难以置信:引自鲍威《透过通信看华尔纳》。Bowie,Langdon Warner through His Letters,58~59.
将乐享一个不同寻常、能用相对低价买入艺术珍品的良机:引自华尔纳写给弗利尔的信。Warner to Freer,May 26,1917,Charles Lang Freer Papers,FSA.
龙门石窟的正门处,有高度超过18米的巨大力士雕像佛龛:引自华尔纳《在中国漫长的古道上》。Warner,Long Old Road,9.
主要洞窟遭到洗劫:见《平凡图像》。Abe,Ordinary Images,191.
清晰而有条理:引自史克曼与亚历山大合著《中国艺术与建筑》。Laurence Sickman and Alexander Soper,The Art and Architecture of China(New Haven,CT:Yale University Press,1971),98.
因为波士顿博物馆拥有美国唯一最好、最可靠的中国和日本收藏:引自普艾伦写给史克曼的信。lan Priest to Laurence Sickman,May 9,1928,files of the Far Eastern Department,Metropolitan Museum,quoted in Cohen,East AsianArt and American Culture,112.
建设那座博物馆耗费了1100美元,来自《堪萨斯明星报》的所有人威廉·罗克希尔·纳尔逊的遗赠:参见史克曼讣告。Laurence Sickman obituary,NYT,May 11,1988.
我的中文进展缓慢:引自史克曼致华尔纳的信。Sickman to Warner,December 13,1930,filed in Gustav Ecke folder,Langdon Warner Archives,HUG 4872.1010,HUA.
那些古董商们,在中国内陆大城市都有永久代理:引自1982年史克曼访谈。“Laurence Sickman in his own words,1982 interview,”in Michael Churchman,Laurence Sickman,A Tribute(Kansas City,MO:Nelson-Atkins Museum,1988),25.
几乎接近完美、万无一失的眼力:引自1995年第4期《美成在久》。quote attributed to Ross Taggart in Churchman,“Laurence Sickman and the Formation of the Chinese Collection at the Nelson-Arkins Museum of Art,”Orientations,Vol.26:4(April 1995),50.
让我们下去看看那家伙拿到了什么:参见1982年史克曼访谈。Sickman,1982 interview,Churchman,Laurence Sickman,A Tribute,26.
史克曼与一位古董商在一起:引自欧文写给华尔纳的信。Owen Lattimore to Warner,May 19,1933,Lattimore Folder,Langdon Warner Papers,HUG 4872.1010,HUA.
风度翩翩:引自福开森写给华尔纳的信。John Ferguson to Langdon Warner,August25,1934,Box 3,Langdon Warner Files,Box 5,HUG 4872.1010,HUA.
一天中的最好时光:引自哈罗德·阿克顿《一位审美家的传记》。Harold Acton,Memoirs of an Aesthete(London:Methuen,1948),324.
一只只单手、头像碎块、浅浮雕佛龛装饰和铭文碎块。引自华尔纳档案。Sickman outline of Longmen vandalism,Langdon Warner Files,Box 13,HUG 4872.1010,HUA.
我告诉他龙门石窟的状况:引自史克曼写给华尔纳的信。Sickman toWarner,August23,1935,Langdon Warner Files,Box 13,HUG 4872.1010,HUA.
对你来说是否过于麻烦:引自卢芹斋写给史克曼的信。T.L.Yuan to Sickman,December 7,1932,KC MS 001,Series II,Box 12,NAMA.
那时,我们开始听说:引自卢芹斋写给史克曼的信。Sickman to Warner,February 5,1934,Langdon Warner Files,Box 13,HUG 4872.1010,HUA.
我们接下来干什么:引自史克曼写给华尔纳的信。Sickman to Warner,February 5,1934,Langdon Warner Files,Box 13,HUG 4872.1010,HUA.
正邮汇给你6000美元:引自瓦尔多发给加德纳的电报。telegram from Edward Waldo to Paul Gardner,April 25,1934,Forbes Papers(HC 2),Files 539,HAMA.
那时,我是一个快乐的质朴青年:引自史克曼写给吉姆的信。Sickman to Jim Plumer,May 2,1934,(RG 02)Series I,Sub-Series A,5.18-5.19“P,”NAMA.
3个大箱子已经离开:引自史克曼写给华尔纳的信。Sickman to Warner,May 28,1934,Langdon Warner Files,Box 13,HUG 4872.1010,HUA.
当然,所有头像和一些服饰褶纹残块都是原物:引自史克曼写给华尔纳的信。Sickman to Warner,June 14,1934,Langdon Warner Files,Box 13,HUG 4872.1010,HUA.
我深感遗憾:引自伯查德写给史克曼的信。Otto Burchard to Sickman,August3,1934,MS 001,Series I,Box 1 a,NAMA.
完美无比的中式住宅里:引自普艾伦写给萨克斯的信。Alan Priest to Paul Sachs,February 14,1926,Paul J.Sachs Papers(HC 3),File 540,HAMA.
我第一次发现,东西方在同一屋檐下共享真正的快乐:引自普艾伦给萨克斯的报告。as reported to Priest to Sachs,February 26,1927,Paul J.Sachs Papers(HC 3),in Paul Sachs Archive,HUAMA,China Expedition Alan Priest Files(1925-1927).
满城沸沸扬扬:引自普艾伦写给萨克斯的信。Priest to Sachs,October 1,1927,Paul J.Sachs Papers(HC 3),File 540,HAMA.
完全中国化:引自卡尔写给约翰的信。Carl Bishop to John Lodge,November 8,1927,Carl Bishop 1917 File,FSGA,quoted in Cohen,East Asian Art and American Culture,117.
机智诙谐、温文尔雅、一副学者派头:引自詹姆斯·卡荷尔的博客。James Cahill,“Fellowship at the Met,”James Cahill Blog,http://www.jamescahill.info/the-writings-of-james-cahill/responses-a-reminiscences/14624 fellowship-at-the-met-1953-54(accessed November 11,2013).
然而,我很清楚:引自普艾伦写给萨克斯的信。Priest to Sachs,October 1,1927,Paul J.Sachs Papers(HC 3),File 540,HAMA.
如瓷器和青铜器那样的美物:引自普艾伦写给罗宾逊的信。Priest to Edward Robinson,July 8,1927,Paul J.Sachs Papers(HC 3),File 540,HAMA.
构建与纽约这座城市和大都会艺术博物馆规模相匹配的收藏:引自2013年第2期《美成在久》杂志。Alan Priest,“Recommendation for Purchase”(1929),quoted in Daisy Wang,“Papa’s Pagoda in Paris:The Gift of the C.T.Loo Family Photographs to the Freer and Sackler Galleries,”Orientations,Vol.44:2(February 2013),140.
龙门石窟的伟大浮雕:引自普艾伦写给温洛克的信。Priest to Herbert Winlock,February 15,1934,35.146,Curatorial Files Far Eastern Art,MMA.
正与老福开森神父、年轻可爱的史克曼、兰登·华尔纳和堪萨斯城串通实施某种阴谋:引自《东亚艺术与美国文化》。Cohen,East Asian Art and American Culture,118.
显得相当尴尬:引自史克曼写给华尔纳的信。Sickman to Warner,May 28,1934,Langdon Warner Files,Box 13,HUG 4872.1010,HUA.
如果山里面出事:引自《龙门石窟供养人:中世纪中国佛教雕塑中的信仰、政治与庇护》。Amy McNair,Donors of Longmen:Faith,Politics and Patronage in Medieval Chinese Buddhist Sculpture(Honolulu:University of Hawaii Press,2007),43.
那份合同一清二楚地表明:同上。
龙门石窟是如此遭受蹂躏的:引自普艾伦《大都会艺术博物馆所藏中国雕塑》。Alan Priest,Chinese Sculpture in the Metropolitan Museum of Art(New York:MMA,1944),26.
有关龙门石窟头像:see letter from C.T.Currelly to Edward Forbes,December 23,1936,Edward Waldo Forbes Papers(HC 2),File 1791,HAMA.
现在,我已是古稀之年:引自卢芹斋公司的停业声明。“C.T.Loo,Inc.Announcement of Liquidation,”Copy in Langdon Warner Files,Loo Folder,HUG 4872.1010,HUA.
从原属国出口考古文物:引自中央古物保护委员会声明。National Commission for the Preservation of Antiquities(1931),copy in Carl Tilden Keller collection concerning Sir Aurel Stein,MS Am 2532,HLHU.
我认为那是一种暴行:引自福布斯写给加德纳的信。Edward Forbes to Paul Gardner,April 25,1934,Edward Waldo Forbes Papers(HC 2),File 1215,HAMA.
如果我们因购买那些浮雕碎块遭受批评:引自鲍威《透过通信看华尔纳》。Bowie,Langdon Warner through His Letters,147.
我深感羞愧:引自卢芹斋《中国石造像展览》前言。C.T.Loo,An Exhibition of Chinese Stone Sculptures,preface.
据说,博物馆的主要功能之一,是保存过去的纪念物:引自《龙门石窟的碎块》,1941年5月《大都会艺术博物馆馆刊》。Alan Priest,“A Stone Fragment from Lung Men,”Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin 36,no.5(May 1941),115~116.
宾阳洞那两块男女供养人的浮雕:同上,27页。
那些浮雕很像我们人类:引自《龙门石窟供养人》。McNair,Donors of Longmen,43.
整个项目得到了爱德华·福布斯的资助:引自史克曼写给费正清的信。Laurence Sickman to Wilma Fairbank,July 21,1981,courtesy of Holly Fairbank.
<h3>第六章 宾州大学套住唐皇骏马</h3>
那是一个具有划时代意义的中国艺术国际展览会:见《皇家学院国际博览会目录,伦敦1935~1936》等。See Catalogue of the International Exhibition of Chinese Art,Royal Academy of Arts,London 1935-36(London:Royal Academy of Arts,1935),8;Jason Steuber,“The Exhibition of Chinese Art at Burlington House,London,1935-36,”Burlington Magazine,August2006,528 et seq.;and France Wood,“Paul Pelliot,Aurel Stein and Chinese Opposition to the Royal Academy’s International Exhibition of Chinese Art1935-36,”http://www.britishmuseum.org/pdf/15_Wood-(Pelliot).pdf.
不应该把重要、有价值的珍宝送到国外:引自詹姆斯·卡荷尔的博客。Wood,“Paul Pelliot,Aurel Stein and Chinese Opposition to the Royal Academy’s International Exhibition of Chinese Art1935-1936”,1;and James Cahill,“London 1935/36 Exhibition:‘Early’Paintings from China,”James Cahill’s blog,http://www.jamescahill.info/the-writings-of-james-cahill/london-193536 exhibition-early-paintings-from-china.
Attendance figures from Steuber,“The Exhibition of Chinese Art at Burlington House,Long(1935-1936),”528.
王者以天下为家:参见中国网《唐昭陵》。China Information Center,“Zhaoling Mausoleum of the Tang Dynasty(618-907),”http://www.china.org.cn/english/features/atam/115391.htm(accessed May 7,2013).
陵寝盘空曲:同上。
见宫室制度闳丽,不异人间:引自周秀琴文章《昭陵:唐太宗皇帝陵墓》。Xiuqin Zhou,“Zhaoling:the Mausoleum of Emperor Tang Taizong,”Sino-Platonic Papers(2009),112.We have relied on this work for much of the information on the Zhaoling Mausoleum and the six horses.Unless noted otherwise,references are from this online publication:http://www.sinoplatonic.org/complete/spp 187_ taizong_emperor.pdf.
它被分为三部分:同上,101~102页。
我是大唐王朝的天子:同上,17页,又见周秀琴《中国陕西昭陵的挖掘》。Zhou,“Excavations at Zhaoling,Shaanxi,China:More Light on the Museum’s Chinese Horses Reliefs,”Expedition 47,No.2(2005),38~39.
朕自征伐以来:引自周秀琴《昭陵》译文。translated in Zhou,“Zhaoling”,78.
过去,主人通常保留车幔和车盖:同上。fn 334.
拯救世界、抚慰百姓:同上,5页。
紫燕超跃:同上,80页。
月精按辔:同上。
太一况,天马下:引自《费尔干纳天马》,1955年2月《今日历史》杂志。translation by Arthur Waley,“The Heavenly Horses of Ferghana,”History Today,February 1955,99.
天马的“汗血”:参见赫斯特博客。Hester Pringle,“The Emperor and the Parasite,”Last Word Nothing blog,March 3,2011,http://www.lastwordonnothing.com/2011/03/03/the-emperor-and-the-parasite/.
On the Son of Heaven’s horses,see Bill Cooke,Imperial China:The Art of the Horse in Chinese History(Lexington,KY:Kentucky Horse Park,2000),42~43.
天马徕:引自《费尔干纳天马》。Waley,“The Heavenly Horses of Ferghana,”96~97.
考古学家在汉武帝陵墓内,发现了两个祭祀坑:参见人民日报在线。Wang Hanlu,“Discovery Revives Legend of Blood-Sweating Horses,”People’s Daily Online,http://english.people.com.cn/90001/90782/7295160.html.
神道:参见中国网《唐昭陵》。China Information Center,“Zhaoling Mausoleum of the Tang Dynasty(618-907),”25;more details in Frances Wood,The Silk Road:Two Thousand Years in the Heart of Asia(Berkeley:University of California Press,2002),53~56.
六骏中的四匹马,已被运至西安城里:引自华尔纳《在中国漫长的古道上》。Warner,Long Old Road,24.
1913年5月,六骏浮雕从昭陵运离:引自周秀琴《昭陵》。Zhou,“Zhaoling”,94.
博取他的欢心:同上,95页。
你会吃惊地发现:引自卢芹斋写给华尔纳的信。C.T.Loo to Warner,September 11,1927,Langdon Warner Papers,C.T.Loo Files,HUG 4872.1010,HUA.
卢芹斋宣称:引自周秀琴《昭陵》。Zhou,“Zhaoling,”95~96.
如果从总统手中购买一件东西不合法:引自卢芹斋写给华尔纳的信。Loo to Warner,September 11,1927,Langdon Warner Papers,C.T.Loo Files,HUG 4872.1010,HUA.
免除租借费:参见《梦想家还是恶棍?》,2014年4月26~27日《金融时报》。David Pilling,“Visionary or Villain?”Financial Times,April 26/April 27,2014.
对于精心创作那些杰作的艺术家:同上。
<h3>第七章 为明朝痴迷</h3>
这个计划:引自凯茨写给萨克斯的信。George Kates to Paul Sachs,June 21,1933,Paul J.Sachs Papers(HC 3),File 1047,HAMA.
我刚刚接到你的信……:引自萨克斯写给凯茨的信。Sachs to Kates,July 17,1933,Paul J.Sachs Papers,HAMA.Biographical information is from Pamela Arwells’s introduction to George Kates,The Years That Were Fat:Peking,1933-1940(Oxford University Press Edition,1988)as well as her obituary of Kates in Journal of Asian Studies Vol.49:4(November 1990),1014-1015;and the introduction to the Kates material in the Henry Sales Francis Papers,SAAA.
有关哈佛大学1922级情况:参见该级第25届纪念报告。On the Harvard Class of 1922,see its 25th Anniversary Report,and references to George Norbert Kates,543,HUA.
我在萨克斯教授下榻的酒店与他共进早餐:引自凯茨写给弗朗西斯的信。Kates to Henry Sayles Francis,June 25(no year),Henry Sayles Francis Papers,SAAA.
时薪只有52美分:同上。
应用考古学:引自凯茨写给萨克斯的信。Kates to Sachs,October 24,1927,Paul J.Sachs Papers(HC 3),file 1047,HAMA.
法国蜡像博物馆的仆人是什么样子:同上。
让自己投入角色:引自凯茨写给卢塞尔的信。Kates to Russell Hitchcock,January 10,1928,Hitchcock Papers,SAAA.
令人陶醉的黑美人:引自凯茨写给希契科克的信。Kates to Hitchcock,February 19,1928,Hitchcock Papers,SAAA.
宝拉宛若宫廷里的女王:同上。Kates to Hitchcock,January 21,1928,SAAA.
搜罗各种荒诞不经之事:Pamela Atwell’s introduction to The Years That Were Fat(Oxford:Oxford University Press,1988),vi.
使自己成为一名汉学家:引自凯茨写给萨克斯的信。Kates to Sachs,June 21,1933,Paul J.Sachs Papers(HC 3),file 1047,HAMA.
那是一件多么令人高兴的事情啊:引自凯茨写给弗朗西斯夫人的信。George Kates to Mrs.Frances Francis,February 10,1935,Henry Sayles Francis Papers.
没有电灯、没有木地板:引自《丰腴年华》。Kates,The Years That Were Fat,21~22.
引以为豪的宫殿被拆除或破坏:同上,24页。
那些单调、昂贵的瓷器:同上,81页。
他(弗劳尔)与中国人的友谊一败涂地:引自小说《牡丹与马驹》。Hrold Acton,Peonies and Ponies(Oxford:Oxford in Asia Paperbacks,1983),79.
一位拥有非凡天赋的人:引自福开森写给华尔纳的信。John Ferguson to Langdon Warner,January 15,1934,Langdon Warner Files,Box 3,HUA.
正在前往北京的途中:引自华尔纳写给史克曼的信。Warner to Sickman,April 5,1934,Kansas City Archives.
路上一列长达800米的火车:引自《马昆德:一个美国人的生活》。Millicent Bell,Marquand,An American Life(Boston:Little,Brown,1979),216~217.
马戏团在“旅行后期变得极度喜怒无常”:引自凯茨写给弗朗西斯夫人的信。Kates to Mrs.Frances Francis,September 23,1934,Henry Sayles Francis Papers,217.
以打碎玻璃杯和掀翻桌子落幕:同上,217页。
那种帝王式气派你从未见过:引自凯茨写给弗朗西斯夫人的信。Kates to Mrs.Francis,September 23,1934,Henry Sayles Francis Papers.
溥儒是20世纪中期中国最好的艺术家:引自史克曼《阿克顿在北京》。Laurence Sickman,“Harold Acton in Peking,”in Edward Chaney and Neil Ritchie,eds.,Oxford China and Italy:Writings in Honor of Sir Harold Acton on His Eightieth Birthday(London:Thames&Hudson,1984),70.
高贵之人,生而非凡之人:引自《丰腴年华》。Kates,The Years That Were Fat,130.In 1940 Kates,together with H.S.Chen,published an article on“Prince Kung’s Palace and Its Adjoining Garden in Peking,”MonumentaSerica 5(Journal of Oriental Studies of the Catholic University of Peking).
动笔之前已对所画场景成竹在胸:引自《一位审美家的自传》。Acton,Memories of an Aesthete,375.
那天降临时:引自《丰腴年华》。Kates,The Years That Were Fat,60 et.seq.
从历史上代代相传的诗词中:同上,264页。
他继续进行在北京启动的工作:见《紫禁城起源时间新探》,1943年2月《哈佛大学亚洲研究期刊》。Kates,“A New Date for the Origins of the Forbidden City,”Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies,Vol.7:3(February 1943).
On wartime years,see also the entry for George Kates,Harvard Anniversary Report(1947).
精致、含蓄、宜于家居,而不是宫廷摆设:引自《丰腴年华》。Kates,The Years That Were Fat,25.
一系列朴素高贵家具:同上。
接踵而来的,可能是消瘦春秋:同上,26页。