[17] Rudolf Kiszling,“Alexander Freiherr von Krobatin,” in <i>Neue Österreichische Biographie,1815-1918</i>(Vienna:Amalthea,1923-1987),17:202-206.
[18] Horst Brettner-Messler,“Die Balkanpolitik Conrad von Hötzendorfs von seiner Wiederernennung zum Chef des Generalstabes bis zum Oktober-Ultimatum 1913,” <i>Mitteilungen des österreichischen Staatsarchivs</i> 20(1967),180-182.
[19] <i>Reichspost</i>,Feb. 22,1913;<i>Die Zeit</i>,Feb. 13,1914,“Ein neues 1864”;Rothenberg,<i>Army of Francis Joseph</i>,164.
[20] Rothenberg,<i>Army of Francis Joseph</i>,165,168.
[21] Moritz Freiherr von Auffenberg-Komarów,<i>Aus österreichs Höhe und Niedergang:Eine Lebensschilderung</i>(Munich:Drei Masken Verlag,1921),250.
[22] David Fromkin,<i>Europe’s Last Summer</i>(New York:Vintage,2005),90-93;Fritz Fischer,<i>War of Illusions</i>(London:Chat to and Windus,1975),161-164.
[23] Annika Mombauer,<i>Helmuth von Moltke and the Origins of the First World War</i>(Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2001),138-144.
[24] <i>Neue Freie Presse</i>,Nov.26-Dec. 17,1912.
[25] “Wenn der Kaiser von Österreich reiten lassen will,wird geritten.” KA,B/1503:5,Sarajevo,Dec. 21,1912,Potiorek to Conrad.
[26] SHAT,7N 1131,Vienna,Feb. 23,1913,“Notes sur la situation”;BNA,FO 120/907,Vienna,Aug. 9,1913,Chung to Cartwright;<i>Neue Freie Presse</i>,Dec. 1.2 and 13,1912,“Weltkrieg wegen des Korridors nach Durazzo?”
[27] <i>Neue Freie Presse</i>,Dec. 14,1912;Josef Ullreich,“Mortiz von Auffenberg-Komarów:Leben und Wirken,” phil.diss.,Vienna,1961,148-170.
[28] Williamson,<i>Austria-Hungary and the Origins
</i>,132,139;SHAT,AAT,7N 1131,V,Dec. 18,1912,“Situation militaire”;<i>Allgemeine Zeitung</i>(Munich),Jan. 25,1913,“Politischer Morphinismus.”
[29] Clark,<i>Sleepwalkers</i>,266-272;<i>Reichspost</i>,Jan. 10,1913.
[30] <i>Neue Freie Presse</i>,Dec. 12,1912.
[31] <i>Reichspost</i>,Jan. 27,1913;<i>Neue Freie Presse</i>,Feb. 7,1913.
[32] <i>Österreichische Rundschau</i> 39(1914),June 15,1914,Politicus,“Imperialismus.”
[33] KA,B/677:0-10(Auffenberg),Bozen,Nov. 1913,Brosch to Auffenberg.
[34] KA,B/1503:5,Sarajevo,Dec. 21,1912,Potiorek to Conrad.
[35] Sean McMeekin,<i>The Russian Origins of the First World War</i>(Cambridge:Belknap,2011),21-22.
[36] <i>Berliner Zeitung am Mittag</i>,Feb. 4,1913;<i>Das neue Deutschland</i>,Jan. 7,1913;<i>Tagespost</i>(Graz),Feb. 1,1913.
[37] Williamson,<i>Austria-Hungary and the Origins</i>,134;BNA,FO 120/906,Vienna,Feb. 11,1913,Cartwright to Grey;Mombauer,<i>Helmuth von Moltke</i>,135-136.
[38] <i>Neuen Wiener Journal</i>,May 30,1913.
[39] SHAT,7N 1131,Vienna,June 1,1912,“Le premier dreadnought autrichien inutilisable,” and June 6,1912,“Le dreadnought autrichien.”
[40] Clark,<i>Sleepwalkers</i>,116;BNA,FO 120/906,Vienna,Apr. 18,1913,Maj,Thos. Cuninghame to Cartwright;Sondhaus,<i>Franz Conrad von Hötzendorf</i>,128.
[41] <i>Neue Freie Presse</i>,May 26,1913.
[42] <i>Neuen Wiener Journal</i>,May 29,1913.
[43] <i>Neuen Wiener Journal</i>,May 30,1913.
[44] <i>Neue Freie Presse</i>,May 30,1914.
[45] Georg Markus,<i>Der Fall Redl</i>(Vienna:Amalthea Verlag,1984),33-53.
[46] Georg Markus,<i>Der Fall Redl</i>(Vienna:Amalthea Verlag,1984),188,200-201.
[47] <i>Arbeiter Zeitung</i>,May 29,1913.
[48] BNA,FO 120/906,Vienna,Apr. 18 and June 4,1913,Maj.Thos.Cuninghame to Cartwright. Conrad’s son had been implicated in the Jandric Affair in April,possibly as a spy,and certainly as a gullible enabler. Markus,<i>Der Fall Redl,75;</i>István Deák,<i>Beyond Nationalism</i>(Oxford:Oxford University Press,1990),145.
[49] <i>Fremden-Blatt</i>,May 30,1913;<i>Neue Freie Presse</i>,May 31,1913;<i>Wiener Mittagszeitung</i>,May 31,1913;Sondhaus,<i>Franz Conrad von Hötzendorf</i>,125;Markus,<i>Der Fall Redl</i>,128-129;BNA,FO 120/906,Vienna,June 5,1913,Maj. Cuninghame to Cartwright;Graydon Tunstall,<i>Planning for War Against Russia and Serbia:Austro-Hungarian and German Military Strategies 1871-1914</i>(New York:Columbia University Press,1993),106-107.
[50] <i>Arbeiter Zeitung</i>,May 30,1913,“Der Generalstabsobert als Spion”;<i>Die Zeit</i>,June 6,1913.
[51] <i>Neue Freie Presse</i>,May 31,1913;<i>Reichspost</i>,May 31,1913;<i>Arbeiter Zeitung</i>,May 31 and June 1,1913;Markus,<i>Der Fall Redl</i>,268.
[52] SHAT,7N 1131,Vienna,May 29 and June 12,1913,“L’affaire du Col. Redl,” Markus,<i>Der Fall Redl</i>,75,152.
[53] BNA,FO 120/907,Vienna,Aug. 30,1913,Maj. Cuninghame to Cartwright.
[54] Moritz Freiherr von Auffenberg-Komarów,<i>Aus Österreichs Höhe und Niedergang:Eine Lebensschilderung</i>(Munich:Drei Masken Verlag,1921),232,241-242;FML Johann Cvitkovic in the <i>Neue Freie Presse</i>,May 31,1913.
[55] <i>Budapester Tagblatt</i>,June 1,1913.
[56] Brettner-Messler,“Die Balkanpolitik,” 213.
[57] SHAT,Vienna,Feb. 25,1897,Cdt de Berckheim,“Péninsule Balkanique.”
[58] Arthur Ruhl,<i>Antwerp to Gallipoli:A Year of the War on Many Fronts—and Behind Them</i>(New York:Scribner’s,1916),153-155;Norman Stone,“Moltke-Conrad:Relations Between the Austro-Hungarian and German General Staffs 1909-1914,” <i>Historical Journal 9</i>,no.2(1966):212-213.
[59] NARA,M 862,roll 940,Mar. 1909,Robert Lansing,“Nationality and the Present Balkan Situation”;<i>Budapest Hirlap</i>,Mar. 23,1913.
[60] Rudolf Jerabek,<i>Potiorek</i>(Graz:Verlag Styria,1991),75.
[61] BNA,FO 120/906 and FO 120/907,Vienna,Mar. 14,1913,Cuninghame to Cartwright,and Vienna August 9,1913,Cuninghame to Cartwright;<i>Fremden-Blatt</i>,Dec. 13-14,1913;Clark,<i>Sleepwalkers</i>,99.
[62] KA,MKFF 196,Dec. 22,1912,“Übersetzung aus der‘Review of Reviews.’”
[63] “Der Chef des Generalstabes,” <i>Freudenthaler Zeitung</i>,Oct. 4,1913;KA,B/677:0-10(Auffenberg),Bozen,Nov. 1913,Brosch to Auffenberg.
[64] <i>Wiener Sonn-und-Montagszeitung</i>,Sept. 21,1913,“Die Lehren der Armee-Manöver.”
[65] BNA,FO 120/907,Vienna,Dec. 8,1913,Maj. Thos. Cuninghame to Sir Maurice de Bunsen;Georg von Alten,
<i>Handbuch für Heer und Flotte</i>(Berlin:Deutsches Verlagshaus,1909-1914),6:318-319.
[66] Churchill,<i>World Crisis</i>,30.
[67] <i>Die Zeit</i>,Sept. 24,1913;<i>Pester Lloyd</i>,Sept. 27,1913;<i>Vorwärts</i>(Berlin),Sept. 28,1913.
[68] Sondhaus,<i>Franz Conrad von Hötzendorf</i>,133.
[69] KA,MKFF 198,<i>Budapest</i>,Sept. 30,1913.
[70] KA,B/677;0-10(Auffenberg),Bozen,Oct. 28,1913,Brosch to Auffenberg.
[71] BNA,FO 120/907,Vienna,Oct. 29,1913,Cartwright to Grey.
[72] KA,MKFF 197,<i>Wiener Sonntag-und-Montagszeitung</i>,Jan. 6,1913;Williamson,<i>Austria-Hungary and the Origins</i>,154-155.
[73] KA,B/677:0-10(Auffenberg),Bozen,Dec. 9,1913,“Der Dumme hats Glück!”
[74] BNA,FO 120/907,Vienna,Oct. 28,1913,Cartwright to Grey.
[75] BNA,FO 120/906,Vienna,Jan. 1,1913,Maj. Thomas Cuninghame to Cartwright;Sondhaus,<i>Franz Conrad von Hötzendorf</i>,135.
[76] Williamson,<i>Austria-Hungary and the Origins</i>,186-187.
[77] SHAT,7N 1129,Vienna,Mar. 29,1905,“La situation politique de la Croatie”;Vladimir Dedijer,<i>The Road to Sarajevo</i>(London:MacGibbon and Kee,1967),132-134.
[78] KA,MKFF 202,Vienna,Winter 1910-1911,Brosch,Untertänigstes Referat.
[79] Williamson,<i>Austria-Hungary and the Origins</i>,181-182.
[80] Mombauer,<i>Helmuth von Moltke</i>,77;Gerhard Ritter,<i>The Schlieffen Plan</i>(Westport,CT:Greenwood Press,1979),74;Timothy C. Dowling,<i>The Brusilov Offensive</i>(Bloomington:Indiana University Press,2008),4-5. A Russian corps had 108 field guns in 1914,an Austrian corps 96.
[81] KA,MKFF 196,Dec. 22,1912,“Übersetzung aus der‘Review of Reviews.’”