海盗共和国：骷髅旗飘扬、民主之火燃起的海盗黄金年代(科林·伍达德)_第一章传奇人物埃弗里（一六九六年）（2 / 2）_海盗共和国：骷髅旗飘扬、民主之火燃起的海盗黄金年代最新章节免费阅读无弹窗

在受虐的年轻水手与船上小厮心中，埃弗里成了英雄。他是他们中的一分子，为自己的同伴挺身而出，领着他们到应许之地，抵达水手在这个世界上的天堂。传说中的埃弗里，是从平凡人之中崛起的赢家，象征新一代被压迫水手的希望。对有朝一日将成为史上最有名、最令人闻风丧胆的海盗来说，埃弗里是他们的榜样。

一直要到几年后，也就是海盗黄金年代进入尾声时，另一本说法不同的埃弗里生平记录才会出版。依据一七二四年伦敦出版的《海盗通史》（A General History of the Pyrates），埃弗里从未回到马达加斯加。他在爱尔兰向其他船员告别后，就带着大量钻石回到家乡德文郡。他通过比德福（Biddeford）的友人，设法把宝石卖给了几个布里斯托尔商人。那些商人和埃弗里不同，非常富有，“不会有人怀疑他们是如何得到那些宝石的”。依据这个版本的说法，埃弗里把宝石交了出去，以为会得到宝石出售后大部分的钱，他和亲戚在比德福放松等候，结果最后从布里斯托尔收到的报酬“连买面包都不够”。他跑去与那些商人对质，他们威胁把他交给有关当局，让他见识到“他们就像他在海上一样，是陆地上的厉害强盗”。埃弗里变得一文不名，然后生起重病，死在回比德福的路上，“穷得连棺材都买不起”。[46]

但这个版本的故事，是直到四分之一世纪后才出现的。对一七○○年的人来说，埃弗里故事仅有的版本是那些关于强盗国王与海盗共和国的故事。

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[1] 一九六二年时，巴哈马立法机关在美国超市大亨亨廷顿·哈特福德（Huntington Hartford）的要求下，把这座岛重新命名为“天堂岛”（Paradise Island），现在成为豪华度假饭店聚集处。

[2] Examination of John Dann，3 August 1696，in John Franklin Jameson，Privateering and Piracy in the Colonial Period：Illustrative Documents，New York：Macmillan Co.，1923，pp. 169-170.

[3] John Oldmixon，The British Empire in America，London：J. Brotherten，1741，pp. 428-431.

[4] “The Case of Nicholas Trott，” 25 October 1698，in CSPCS 1697-1698，No. 928，p. 506；Michael Craton，A History of the Bahamas，London：Collins，1962，pp. 86-87.

[5] John Oldmixon，The British Empire in America，London：J. Brotherten，1741，p. 429.

[6] John Oldmixon，The British Empire in America

，London：J. Brotherten，1741，pp. 429-430.

[7] “The Trial of Joseph Dawson，Edward Forseith，William May，William Bishop，James Lewis and John Sparkes at the Old Baily for Felony and Piracy，” London：19 October 1696，in Francis Hargrave，A Complete Collection of State Trials and Proceedings，Volume V，London：T.Wright，1777 p. 10；“The Case of Nicholas Trott，” 25 October 1698，in CSPCS 1697-1698，No. 928，p. 506；Examination of John Dean，pp. 169-170；Affidavit of Phillip Middleton，London：11 November 1696，in Jameson，pp. 171-173.

[8] 依据菲利普·布鲁斯（Phillip A Bruce）的《十七世纪弗吉尼亚经济史》（History of Virginia in the Seventeenth Century，New York：MacMillan & Co.，1896，pp. 503，507，510-1 1）所述，当时一西班牙比索（peso）或一枚八里尔银币，价值五先令或零点二五英镑。每“一枚金币”（piece of gold）据信等于一西班牙皮斯托尔（pistole）。依据约翰·康迪乌特（John Condiuitt）的《我们的金银币现况观察》（Observations upon the present state of our Gold and Silver Coins，1730）所述，一皮斯托尔等同于三十二莱艾尔（ryal）。

[9] 一七一三年，拥有巴哈马的贵族也拥有北卡罗来纳殖民地，贵族向他们的总督支付的年薪约为三百英镑。Warrant from the Lord Proprietors to Daniel Richardson，St. James’s Palace，London：13 August 1713 in CSPCS 1712-1714，item No. 451，p. 219.

[10] “The Case of Nicholas Trott，” 25 October 1698，in CSPCS 1697-1698，No. 928，pp. 506-507.

[11] Affidavit of Phillip Middleton，London：11 November 1696，in Jameson，p. 172；Francis Hargrave，A Complete Collection of State Trials and Proceedings，Volume V，London：T.Wright，1777，p. 10.

[12] Affidavit of Phillip Middleton，London：11 November 1696，in Jameson，p. 173.

[13] “The Case of Nicholas Trott，” 25 October 1698，in CSPCS 1697-1698，No. 928，pp. 506-507.

[14] Affidavit of Phillip Middleton，London：11 November 1696，in Jameson，pp. 172-173.

[15] Joel H. Baer，“‘Captain John Avery’ and the Anatomy of a Mutiny，” Eighteenth Century Life，Vol. 18 （February 1994），pp. 3-4.

[16] Joel H. Baer，“‘Captain John Avery’ and the Anatomy of a Mutiny，” Eighteenth Century Life，Vol. 18 （February 1994），pp. 4-5.

[17] Joel H. Baer，“‘Captain John Avery’ and the Anatomy of a Mutiny，” Eighteenth Century Life，Vol. 18 （February 1994），pp. 5-6.

[18] Joel H. Baer，“‘Captain John Avery’ and the Anatomy of a Mutiny，” Eighteenth Century Life，Vol. 18 （February 1994），pp. 8-9，11.

[19] Joel H. Baer，“‘Captain John Avery’ and the Anatomy of a Mutiny，” Eighteenth Century Life，Vol. 18 （February 1994），p. 9.

[20] Joel H. Baer，“‘Captain John Avery’ and the Anatomy of a Mutiny，” Eighteenth Century Life，Vol. 18 （February 1994），p. 9.

[21] Joel H. Baer，“‘Captain John Avery’ and the Anatomy of a Mutiny，” Eighteenth Century Life，Vol. 18 （February 1994），pp. 13-14；Francis Hargrave，A Complete Collection of State Trials and Proceedings，Volume V，London：T.Wright，1777，p. 6.

[22] Francis Hargrave，A Complete Collection of State Trials and Proceedings，Volume V，London：T.Wright，1777，pp. 6-8.

[23] Joel H. Baer，“‘Captain John Avery’ and the Anatomy of a Mutiny，” Eighteenth Century Life，Vol. 18 （February 1994），p. 15.

[24] For examples see Gomer Williams，History of the Liverpool Privateers and Letters of Marque with an Account of the Liverpool Slave Trade，Montreal：McGill-Queen’s Press，2004，p. 31；Angus Kostram，Privateers & Pirates 1730-1830，Oxford，UK：Osprey Publishing，2001，p. 20.

[25] Examination of John Dann，3 August 1696，in John Franklin Jameson，Privateering and Piracy in the Colonial Period：Illustrative Documents，New York：Macmillan Co.，1923，p. 165；Francis Hargrave，A Complete Collection of State Trials and Proceedings，Volume V，London：T.Wright，1777，p. 10.

[26] in Declaration of Henry Avery to All English Commanders，Johanna，Comoro Islands：28 February 1694，enclosed within Petition of the East India Company to the Lord Justices，London：July 1696，in Jameson，p. 154.

[27] Examination of John Dann，in John Franklin Jameson，Privateering and Piracy in the Colonial Period：Illustrative Documents，New York：Macmillan Co.，1923，pp. 165-167；Francis Hargrave，A Complete Collection of State Trials and Proceedings，Volume V，London：T.Wright，1777，pp. 8-10；Examination of Peter Claus in CSPCS 1697-1698，No. 404ii，p. 184.

[28] Examination of John Dann，in John Franklin Jameson，Privateering and Piracy in the Colonial Period：Illustrative Documents

，New York：Macmillan Co.，1923，pp. 167-168；Francis Hargrave，A Complete Collection of State Trials and Proceedings，Volume V，London：T.Wright，1777，pp. 9-10.

[29] Examination of John Dann，in John Franklin Jameson，Privateering and Piracy in the Colonial Period：Illustrative Documents，New York：Macmillan Co.，1923，p. 168；Francis Hargrave，A Complete Collection of State Trials and Proceedings，Volume V，London：T.Wright，1777，p. 10.

[30] Francis Hargrave，A Complete Collection of State Trials and Proceedings，Volume V，London：T.Wright，1777，pp. 9-10.

[31] “Khafi Khan” in H. M. Elliot and John Dawson，The History of India as Told by its Own Historians，Volume VII，London：Trubner，1867-1877，pp. 421-422.

[32] The Life and Adventures of Captain John Avery，London：1709，pp. 30-32.

[33] “Abstract of East India Company Letters from Bombay，” 12 October 1695 in Jameson，pp. 158-159；“Khafi Khan” in The History of India as Told by its Own Historians，Volume VII，pp. 421-423.

[34] Francis Hargrave，A Complete Collection of State Trials and Proceedings，Volume V，London：T.Wright，1777，p. 10；Examination of John Dann，in John Franklin Jameson，Privateering and Piracy in the Colonial Period：Illustrative Documents，New York：Macmillan Co.，1923，p. 169.

[35] John Graves to the Council of Trade and Plantations，New Providence，Bahamas：11 May 1698，in CSPCS 1697-1698，No. 444，p. 208.

[36] Examination of John Dann，in John Franklin Jameson，Privateering and Piracy in the Colonial Period：Illustrative Documents，New York：Macmillan Co.，1923，p. 170.

[37] Examination of John Dann，in John Franklin Jameson，Privateering and Piracy in the Colonial Period：Illustrative Documents，New York：Macmillan Co.，1923，p. 170.

[38] Affidavit of Phillip Middleton，London：11 November 1696，in Jameson，p. 174.

[39] “The Case of Nicholas Trott，” 25 October 1698，in CSPCS 1697-1698，No. 928，pp. 506-507.

[40] Robert Snead to Sir John Houblon，29 September 1697，in CSPCS 1696-97 No. 1331，pp. 613-615；Edward Randolph to William Popple，New York：12 May 1698，in CSPCS 1697-98，No. 451，pp. 211-212；Narrative of Captain Robert Snead，in CSPCS 1697-98，No. 451i，pp. 212-214；Information of Thomas Robinson，in CSPCS 1697-98，No. 451ii，pp. 214-215.

[41] Examination of John Dann，in John Franklin Jameson，Privateering and Piracy in the Colonial Period：Illustrative Documents，New York：Macmillan Co.，1923，p. 171；“Abstract of Letters from Ireland，” in Jameson，pp. 160-164.

[42] Examination of John Dann，in John Franklin Jameson，Privateering and Piracy in the Colonial Period：Illustrative Documents，New York：Macmillan Co.，1923，pp. 170-171.

[43] Examination of John Dann，in John Franklin Jameson，Privateering and Piracy in the Colonial Period：Illustrative Documents，New York：Macmillan Co.，1923，pp. 170-171.

[44] Francis Hargrave，A Complete Collection of State Trials and Proceedings，Volume V，London：T.Wright，1777，p. 18.

[45] Bernard Lintott，1713，pp. 3-4；The Life and Adventures of Captain John Avery，London：1709，pp. 46-7，57-59.

[46] GHP：Charles Johnson，A General History of the Pyrates，ed. Manuel Schonhorn，Columbia，SC：University of South Carolina Press，1972，pp. 49-50，56-57.